Agent payments

What is AP2 (Agent Payments Protocol)?

Definition: AP2 (Agent Payments Protocol) is Google's open protocol for agent-initiated payments, using cryptographically signed "mandates" that prove a user authorized an agent to make a specific purchase within set limits.

AP2 focuses on trust and authorization: a mandate is a signed record of what the user permitted (what, how much, for whom), so a merchant or payment network can verify an agent's purchase was genuinely authorized. It launched with dozens of corporate collaborators.

AP2 (authorization) and x402 (settlement rails) are complementary rather than competing — different layers of the agent-payment stack.

Is AP2 competing with x402?

Not directly. AP2 handles authorization via signed mandates; x402 handles programmatic settlement. They can compose in a single agent transaction.

Put it into practice

Read the agentic commerce guides →

Related terms